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Atithi Devo Bhava (Bhava ) ((サンスクリット:अतिथिदेवो भव); English: 'The guest is equivalent to God'〔http://www.incredibleindia.org/newsite/atithidevobhava.htm I Love India, Athidhi devo bhavan, Retrieved February 3, 2011.〕 or 'Be one for whom the guest is God') is a Sanskrit verse, taken from an ancient Hindu scripture which became part of the "code of conduct" for Hindu society. Atithi Devo Bhav regards a procedure of the host-guest relationship. Recently it has also become the tag line of India's Ministry of Tourism's campaign to improve the treatment of tourists in India. The mantras are from the Taittiriya Upanishad, Shikshavalli I.20 that says: ''matrudevo bhava, pitrudevo bhava, acharyadevo bhava, atithidevo bhava''. It literally means "be one for whom the Mother is God, be one for whom the Father is God, be one for whom the Teacher is God, be one for whom the guest is God." ''matrudevah, pitrudevah, acharyadevah, atithidevah'' are one word each, and each one is a Bahuvrihi ''samasta-pada''. ''Tithi'' in Sanskrit denotes a (calendrical) date. In ancient times, when means of communication were limited and it was not possible for guests to anticipate their date of arrival, ''atithi'' (which literally means "without a fixed calendrical time") was coined to depict a visiting person who had no fixed date of arrival or departure. ''Devah'' (which, through sandhi or euphonic combination, becomes written/pronounced as ''devo'' when followed by certain kinds of consonants) means God and ''bhava'' means Be or Is - "be the one for whom the Guest is God". == Ritual or Puja == In Hinduism Personal God is worshipped in a five-step worship; this is known as ''Panchopchara Puja''. The "Shodashopchar Poojan" is more elaborate and formal, and involves 16 steps. The five steps from the worship become the five formalities to be observed while receiving guests: # Fragrance (Dhupa) - While receiving guests the rooms must have a pleasant fragrance, because this is the first thing that attracts or detracts guests from their visit. A pleasant fragrance will put a guest in good humour. # Lamp (Dipa) - Prior to the electrification of India, a lamp was put between host and guest so that expression and body language would remain clearly visible and therefore no gap would be created between host and guest. # Eatables (Naivedya) - Fruits and sweets made of milk were offered to guests. # Rice (Akshata) - It is a symbol of being undivided. A ''tilak'', often made of a vermilion paste, is put on the forehead〔http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-traditions/tilak.html, I Love India, Tikak, Retrieved February 3, 2011.〕 and rice grains are placed on it. This is the highest form of welcome in Hindu Indian families. # Flower Offering (Pushpa) - A flower is a gesture of good will. When the guest departs, the flower symbolizes the sweet memories of the visit that stay with them for several days. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Atithi Devo Bhav」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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